My research interests involve identifying genes for complex diseases, with a focus on genes involved in cardiovascular and pulmonary disease.  I have been involved in multiple genome wide association studies (GWAS), as well as candidate gene studies. Additional areas of interest include the genetics and epigenetics of obesity related phenotypes in non-human primates, the genetic variability of pesticide metabolism in farmworkers, and the genetics of stroke.

Howard TD, Giles WH, Xu J, Wozniak MA, Malarcher AM, Lange LA, Macko RF, Basehore MJ, Meyers DA, Cole JW, Kittner SJ.  Promoter Polymorphisms in the Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 Gene are Associated with Ischemic Stroke Susceptibility in Young African American Women. Stroke. 2005; 36:1848-1853.

 Shashi V, Keshavan MS, Howard TD, Berry MN, Basehore M, Lewandowski E, Kwapil TR.  Cognitive Correlates of a Functional COMT Polymorphism in Children with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome. Clinical Genetics. 2006; 69: 234–238.

Dijkstra A, Vonk JM, Ampleford EJ, Lange LA, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Howard TD, Postma DS. Estrogen receptor 1 gene polymorphisms are associated with lung function decline and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma, particularly in females. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006; 117:604-611.

Bray PF, Howard TD, Vittinghoff E, Sane DC, Herrington DM.  Effect of genetic variations in platelet glycoproteins Ib alpha and VI on the risk for coronary heart disease events in postmenopausal women taking hormone therapy.  Blood. 2007; 109:1862-1869.

Lakoski SG, Li L, Langefeld CD, Liu Y, Howard TD, Brosnihan KB, Xu J, Bowden DW, Herrington DM. The association between innate immunity gene (IRAK1) and C-reactive protein in the Diabetes Heart Study. Exp Mol Pathol. 2007; 82:280-283.

Tseng ZH, Aouizerat BE, Pawlikowska L, Vittinghoff E, Lin F, Whiteman D, Herrington D,  Howard TD, Varosy PD, Hulley SB, Malloy M, Kane J, Kwok P-Y, Olgin JE. Common beta-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms are not associated with risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart Rhythm. 2008;5:814-821.

Liu Y, Freedman BI, Burdon KP, Langefeld CD, Howard T, Herrington DM, Bowden DW, Wagenknecht LE, Hedrick CC, Rich SS.  Association of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase genotype variation and glycemic control with albuminuria in type 2 diabetes.  Am J Kidney Dis. 2008; 52:242-250.

Smith AK, Lange LA, Ampleford EJ, Meyers DA, Bleecker ER, Howard TD.  Association of Polymorphisms in CASP10 and CASP8 with FEV1/FVC and Bronchial Hyper-responsiveness in Ethnically Diverse Asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:1738 – 1744.

Lamon-Fava S, Asztalos BF, Howard TD, Reboussin DM, Horvath KV, Schaefer EJ, Herrington DM. Effects of genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism on plasma remnant lipoproteins and HDL subpopulation concentration during hormone therapy in postmenopausal women. Clinical Endocrinology 2009; May 29. [Epub ahead of print]

MacClellan LR, Howard TD, Stine OC, Giles WH, O'Connell JR, Cole JW, Wozniak MA, Stern BJ, Mitchell BD, Kittner SJ. Relation of Candidate Genes that Encode for Endothelial Function to Migraine and Stroke: The Stroke Prevention in Young Women Study. Stroke. In press.

Shashi V, Kwapil TR, Kaczorowski J, Berry MN, Santos C, Howard TD, Spence E, Goradia D, Prasad K, Diwadkar V, Keshavan MS. Evidence of Neuronal Reduction and Dysfunction in Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. In press.